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The Masjid Quba or Quba Mosque is one of the most historical places for ziyarat in Madina, Saudi Arabia. This is the first mosque ever built in the history of Islam. It is highly significant in Islam. Originally, this mosque, was a small structure made of mud and palm leaves, but it expanded and rebuilt several times over the centuries. Today, Quba Mosque is a large and modern mosque that is visited by hundreds of thousands of Muslims each year who come for ziyarat in Madina and pray. It remains an important site of pilgrimage and a symbol of the early days of Islam.
It is the first mosque where Friday prayers (Jumah) were held. According to tradition, Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) led the first Jumah prayers in this mosque after the Muslims migrated from Makkah to Medinah.
As per historical Islamic texts, Muhammad SAW spent 14 days in this mosque praying qaṣr Salah. while waiting for Ali to arrive in Medina, after he stayed behind in Mecca to safeguard Muhammad's life and escape, by sleeping in Muhammad's bed in his place. Other purpose of Hazrat Ali (RA) staying back in Macca was to return the belongings to the peoples. Performing Wudu ('Ablution') in one's home, then offering two Rakaat of Nafl (Optional) prayers in the Quba Mosque, is considered to be equal to performing one Umrah. Muhammad used to go there, riding or on foot, every Saturday and offer a two rakaat prayer. He advised others to do the same, saying, "Whoever makes ablutions at home and then goes and prays in the Mosque of Quba, he will have a reward like that of an Umrah. This ḥadith was reported by Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Al-Nasa'i, Ibn Majah and Hakim al-Nishaburi.The distance between Quba Mosque and Al-Masjid an-Nabawi is only 3 km.“The Prophet (peace be upon him) used to go to Quba Mosque sometimes walking, sometimes riding,” narrated by Ibn Umar, and in another narration: “He would then offer two Rakaat”. Abdullah (Ibn Umar) used to do the same.